Archive: Review of English paper - 9900 words
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MILITARY TECHNICAL COOPERATION FOR DEVELOPMENT - BRAZILIAN PERSPECTIVE OF INTERACTION FOR THE 21ST CENTURY.
ABSTRACT: Cooperation and development are common themes for Brazilian foreign policy, present in different governments, in a lesser or greater degree. Brazil has participated in the evolution of international cooperation for development since the beginning, for many years as a recipient country; it is an important contribution to its economic, scientific-technological and social development. Over the years, Brazil built democratic institutions and state structures capable of contributing to the development of other countries. Recently, Brazil has been interested in being an international protagonist in the area of development and cooperation, this become a valuable tool for building reputation. Since 1999, with the creation of the Ministry of Defense, it was possible to think about a unified military-technical cooperation (MTC), an uncommon term in Brazil, which includes actions, programs and projects between the armed forces with other countries, in general, countries with a relative lower development. In this Brazilian perspective of interaction for the 21st century, the horizontal MTC or the MTC South-South stand out, which has Africa as an area of special attention. In this paper, we will seek to analyze aspects of the Brazilian MTC with the CPLP states, and in relative comparison with the practice and structuring of Portuguese MTC. Furthermore, we consider a possibility that MTC can be presented as an element of the Brazilian paradiplomacy for development, as well as the cooperation in health carried out by Fiocruz, the cooperation in agriculture carried out by Embrapa or the cooperation for professional training carried out by System S. Unlike the Organization for the Cooperation and Economic Development (OECD), Brazil includes the MTC as an element of development cooperation, believing that security and defense are issues directly related to development. After all, it is perceived that the recent stage of the MTC of Brazil with CPLP states, is resulted to the more coherent defense, security and development policies linked to the Brazilian interests. In order to go forward in Technical Cooperation (TC), Brazil created the Brazilian Cooperation Agency (ABC), within the framework of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE), which had the proposal to unify the technical functions and foreign policy. However, many of the MTC projects carried out by Brazilian armed forces with other countries is performed outside the Agency. Therefore, we propose to analyze MTC by ABC’s projects, by the Ministry of Defense’s projects, and by armed forces’ projects. We also seek to analyze, if there is an alignment or similarity between Brazilian MTC projects for development and TC projects in other areas for development in this beginning of the 21st century.
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